Ubuntu best commands cheat book (1 Example)

Here are examples for each of the commands listed. Replace placeholders (e.g., <file>, <package>, <directory>) with actual values on your Ubuntu system:

System Information

1. uname -a
   Example:

   uname -a
   

   Output: Linux ubuntu-PC 5.15.0-60-generic #66-Ubuntu SMP x86_64 GNU/Linux.

2. lsb_release -a
   Example:

   lsb_release -a
   

   Output: Ubuntu version details.

3. hostnamectl
   Example:

   hostnamectl
   

   Output: Hostname and OS details.

4. uptime
   Example:

   uptime
   

   Output: 08:24:56 up 1:23, 3 users, load average: 0.01, 0.02, 0.00.

5. df -h
   Example:

   df -h
   

   Output: Disk space usage (e.g., /dev/sda1 50G 25G 25G 50% /).

File and Directory Management

1. ls
   Example:

   ls -la
   

   Output: Lists all files, including hidden ones, with detailed info.

2. cd <directory>
   Example:

   cd /var/log
   

3. pwd
   Example:

   pwd
   

   Output: /var/log.

4. mkdir <directory>
   Example:

   mkdir my_project
   

5. rm <file>
   Example:

   rm sample.txt
   

6. cp <source> <destination>
   Example:

   cp file1.txt /tmp/file1.txt
   

7. mv <source> <destination>
   Example:

   mv old_name.txt new_name.txt
   

Package Management

1. sudo apt update
   Example:

   sudo apt update
   

2. sudo apt upgrade
   Example:

   sudo apt upgrade
   

3. sudo apt install <package>
   Example:

   sudo apt install curl
   

4. sudo apt remove <package>
   Example:

   sudo apt remove curl
   

5. dpkg -l
   Example:

   dpkg -l
   

User Management

1. whoami
   Example:

   whoami
   

   Output: ubuntu.

2. id
   Example:

   id
   

   Output: uid=1000(ubuntu) gid=1000(ubuntu).

3. sudo adduser <username>
   Example:

   sudo adduser john
   

4. sudo deluser <username>
   Example:

   sudo deluser john
   

Process Management

1. ps aux
   Example:

   ps aux
   

2. top
   Example:

   top
   

3. kill <PID>
   Example:

   kill 1234
   

4. pkill <process_name>
   Example:

   pkill firefox
   

Networking

1. ip a
   Example:

   ip a
   

2. ping <domain/IP>
   Example:

   ping google.com
   

3. curl <URL>
   Example:

   curl http://example.com
   

4. wget <URL>
   Example:

   wget http://example.com/file.txt
   

File Permissions

1. chmod <permissions> <file>
   Example:

   chmod 644 file.txt
   

2. chown <owner>:<group> <file>
   Example:

   sudo chown ubuntu:ubuntu file.txt
   

System Monitoring and Logs

1. dmesg
   Example:

   dmesg | tail
   

2. journalctl
   Example:

   journalctl -u apache2.service
   

3. tail -f <logfile>
   Example:

   tail -f /var/log/syslog
   

Archiving and Compression

1. tar -cvf archive.tar <files>
   Example:

   tar -cvf backup.tar file1.txt file2.txt
   

2. tar -xvf archive.tar
   Example:

   tar -xvf backup.tar
   

3. gzip <file>
   Example:

   gzip file.txt
   

4. gunzip <file>
   Example:

   gunzip file.txt.gz
   

System Utilities

1. sudo reboot
   Example:

   sudo reboot
   

2. sudo shutdown now
   Example:

   sudo shutdown now
   

3. history
   Example:

   history
   

4. alias <name>='<command>'
   Example:

   alias ll='ls -la'
   

Text File Management

1. cat <file>
   Example:

   cat file.txt
   

2. nano <file>
   Example:

   nano file.txt
   

3. less <file>
   Example:

   less file.txt
   

4. grep <pattern> <file>
   Example:

   grep 'error' file.txt
   

Let me know if you’d like examples tailored to a specific use case!

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