How to deploy docker on AWS Cloud

Deploying Docker on AWS (Amazon Web Services) can be done in several ways, depending on your use case. You can either deploy Docker on EC2 instances, use Amazon ECS (Elastic Container Service), or use Amazon EKS (Elastic Kubernetes Service) for more complex container orchestration.

Below are the steps for deploying Docker on AWS using EC2, ECS, and EKS:

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1. Deploy Docker on EC2 (Elastic Compute Cloud)

This method involves setting up Docker on a regular EC2 instance and managing it manually.

Step 1: Launch an EC2 Instance

1. Log in to AWS Console and navigate to EC2.
2. Click Launch Instance.
3. Choose an Amazon Machine Image (AMI). For a simple setup, choose an Ubuntu or Amazon Linux image.
4. Select an instance type (e.g., t2.micro for testing purposes).
5. Configure instance details and storage as needed.
6. Configure Security Group to allow SSH (port 22) and HTTP (port 80) or any other required ports.
7. Launch the instance and download the key pair for SSH access.

Step 2: SSH into the EC2 Instance

Use SSH to log into your EC2 instance:

ssh -i /path/to/your-key.pem ubuntu@<ec2-public-ip>

Step 3: Install Docker on EC2

Once logged in, run the following commands to install Docker on your EC2 instance:

For Ubuntu:

sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install -y apt-transport-https ca-certificates curl software-properties-common
curl -fsSL https://download.docker.com/linux/ubuntu/gpg | sudo apt-key add -
sudo add-apt-repository "deb [arch=amd64] https://download.docker.com/linux/ubuntu $(lsb_release -cs) stable"
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install -y docker-ce

For Amazon Linux 2:

sudo yum update -y
sudo amazon-linux-extras install docker
sudo service docker start
sudo usermod -aG docker ec2-user

Step 4: Run Docker Commands

Now you can test Docker by running a container:

sudo docker run hello-world

Step 5: Manage Docker on EC2

Now you can deploy your Docker containers on the EC2 instance just like on any local server. You can use Docker commands such as:

docker run -d -p 80:80 my-app-image

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2. Deploy Docker Using Amazon ECS (Elastic Container Service)

Amazon ECS is a fully managed container orchestration service. It handles Docker container deployments, scaling, and management without needing to manage individual EC2 instances directly.

Step 1: Create an ECS Cluster

1. Log in to AWS Console and navigate to ECS.
2. Click on Create Cluster.
3. Select Networking only or EC2 Linux + Networking depending on whether you want to run containers on EC2 instances or Fargate (serverless).
4. Configure your cluster settings and create it.

Step 2: Create a Docker Image and Push to Amazon ECR (Elastic Container Registry)

1. Create a Docker image locally:

   docker build -t my-app .
   

2. Push the Docker image to ECR:
   • Create an ECR repository in the AWS Console.
   • Authenticate Docker to ECR:

     aws ecr get-login-password --region us-west-2 | docker login --username AWS --password-stdin <aws-account-id>.dkr.ecr.us-west-2.amazonaws.com
     

   • Tag your Docker image:

     docker tag my-app:latest <aws-account-id>.dkr.ecr.us-west-2.amazonaws.com/my-repository:latest
     

   • Push the image:

     docker push <aws-account-id>.dkr.ecr.us-west-2.amazonaws.com/my-repository:latest
     

Step 3: Create a Task Definition

1. In ECS, go to Task Definitions and click Create new Task Definition.
2. Select Fargate (for serverless) or EC2 (for instances).
3. Define the task, including the Docker image and resources (CPU, memory).
4. Click Create.

Step 4: Launch a Service

1. In ECS, go to the Clusters page and select your cluster.
2. Click Create under Services.
3. Select the task definition, configure the service (e.g., desired count, load balancer), and click Next to launch.

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3. Deploy Docker Using Amazon EKS (Elastic Kubernetes Service)

Amazon EKS is a fully managed Kubernetes service for orchestrating Docker containers. EKS is a more advanced and complex solution than ECS and is used when you need Kubernetes for container orchestration.

Step 1: Set Up an EKS Cluster

1. Log in to AWS Console and go to EKS.
2. Click Create Cluster and follow the wizard to configure the EKS cluster.
   • Choose a name, role, VPC, and other settings.
   • EKS uses Kubernetes as the orchestrator, so ensure you have the correct IAM roles set up.
3. Once the cluster is created, download the kubeconfig file to configure kubectl on your local machine.

Step 2: Deploy a Docker Container to EKS

1. Build and Push Docker Image to Amazon ECR as shown in the ECS step.
2. Use kubectl to deploy the image on EKS:
   • Create a Kubernetes deployment YAML file (deployment.yaml):

     apiVersion: apps/v1
     kind: Deployment
     metadata:
       name: my-app
     spec:
       replicas: 3
       selector:
         matchLabels:
           app: my-app
       template:
         metadata:
           labels:
             app: my-app
         spec:
           containers:
           - name: my-app
             image: <aws-account-id>.dkr.ecr.us-west-2.amazonaws.com/my-repository:latest
             ports:
             - containerPort: 80
     

3. Apply the configuration to the EKS cluster:

   kubectl apply -f deployment.yaml
   

4. Expose the deployment via a Kubernetes service (e.g., LoadBalancer):

   kubectl expose deployment my-app --type=LoadBalancer --name=my-app-service
   

Step 3: Access the Application

• Find the external IP or DNS of the service:

  kubectl get svc
  

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Security Considerations

• Use IAM roles to control access to resources like ECR, ECS, and EKS.
• Use AWS Secrets Manager for managing sensitive data such as passwords and API keys.
• For production deployments, consider using ECS Fargate (serverless) or EKS with Kubernetes RBAC for better security management.

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Conclusion

You can deploy Docker on AWS using EC2, ECS, or EKS, depending on your needs. For simple applications, EC2 is a great choice. For fully managed and scalable container orchestration, ECS or EKS is ideal. You can also use Docker with Kubernetes for more advanced container management on AWS.

Let me know if you need further details on any of these steps!